Paul Aarne Koljonen

MBBS(HK), FRCSEd(Ortho), FHKCOS, FHKAM(Orthopaedic Surgery)

Consultant & Deputy Chief of Service, Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Queen Mary Hospital

Honorary Clinical Associate Professor, The University of Hong Kong LKS Faculty of Medicine

Deputy Hospital Chief Executive, Maclehose Medical Rehabilitation Centre

Dr. Koljonen is Consultant in the Division of Spine Surgery, and Deputy Chief of Service of the Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology at Queen Mary Hospital. He also holds the title of Honorary Clinical Associate Professor at The University of Hong Kong, and is actively engaged in clinical practice, research, and education within the field of spinal surgery and spinal rehabilitation.

Dr. Koljonen graduated with Phi Beta Kappa Honor from Johns Hopkins University and subsequently pursued his medical studies at The University of Hong Kong. He furthered his expertise in Orthopaedics and Traumatology at Queen Mary Hospital, obtaining joint fellowships from The Hong Kong College of Orthopaedic Surgeons and The Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh in 2015. Dr. Koljonen is fully subspecialized and operates exclusively in the area of spinal surgery.

Dr. Koljonen’s clinical interests span a wide range of spinal conditions, including adult and paediatric spinal deformities, cervical pathologies, degenerative spine disorders, spinal tumours, spinal trauma, and spasticity management. Dr. Koljonen’s research endeavours focus on various aspects of spine care such as degenerative cervical myelopathy, paediatric cervical disorders, and neurological rehabilitation.

As an educator, Dr. Koljonen plays a key role in mentoring medical students, residents, nurses, and spine fellows – both locally and internationally. He spearheads the Get Up and Walk Campaign at the Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology at HKU, a fundraising initiative that has raised significant funds to support research, clinical services, and community projects for individuals with spinal cord injuries.

Beyond his clinical and educational responsibilities, Dr. Koljonen is actively involved in hospital administration. He holds key positions such as Consultant-in-Charge at the Duchess of Kent Children’s Hospital, Deputy Hospital Chief Executive at Maclehose Medical Rehabilitation Centre, as well as Deputy Chief of Service at The Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology at Queen Mary Hospital.

Recognized for his outstanding contributions, Dr. Koljonen has received several prestigious awards including the Young Achiever Award from the Hospital Authority, the Distinguished Young Fellow Award from the Hong Kong Academy of Medicine and The Hong Kong College of Orthopaedic Surgeons, and the Clinical Service Excellence Award from the Faculty of Medicine at The University of Hong Kong. In 2020 he also led his team to win the Hospital Authority Outstanding Team Award for Spinal Cord Injury rehabilitation services in Hong Kong.

Dr. Koljonen currently sees patients at various healthcare facilities, including Queen Mary Hospital, The Duchess of Kent Children’s Hospital, Maclehose Medical Rehabilitation Centre, and The Children’s Hospital of Hong Kong.

• Paediatric and adult spine deformity
• Cervical spine disorders
• Revision spine surgery
• Spinal tumours
• Degenerative spine conditions
• Multimodal management for back and neck pain
• Management of spasticity in cerebral and spinal pathologies
• Comprehensive acute and rehabilitation services for spinal cord injury

• Degenerative cervical myelopathy
• Atlantoaxial rotatory dislocation in children
• Exoskeleton walking for spinal cord injury

Spinal Cord Injury

1. AO Spine Clinical Practice Recommendations for the Surgical Management of Acute Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury: Contemporary Concepts.
   Vanessa Hubertus, JetanH. Badhiwala, Nader Hejrati, Aria Nouri, Paula V. Ter Wengel, Farzin Farahbakhsh, Christoph Hofstetter, Chris Neal, Mario Ganau, Nitin Agarwal, Paul Arnold,                    Paul Koljonen, James Harrop, Bizhan Aarabi, James Guest, Ricardo Rodrigues, Michael G. Fehlings, Nathan Evaniew, Konstantinos Margetis, Daipayan Guha, , Lukas Grassner, Brian K. Kwon, Charles Charles G. Fisher, Shekar Kurpad, and On behalf of the AO Spine Knowledge Forum Spinal Cord Injury. Global spine journal. 2025 Jun 8:21925682251350941.
2. A Practical Classification System for Acute Cervical Spinal Cord Injury Based on a Three-Phased Modified Delphi Process from the AOSpine SCI Knowledge Forum.
   Hachem, Laureen; Zhu, Mary; Aarabi, Bizhan; Davies, Benjamin; DiGiorgio, Anthony; Evaniew, Nathan; Fehlings, Michael; Ganau, Mario; Graves, Daniel; Guest, James; Ha, Yoon; Harrop, James; Hofstetter, Christopher; Koljonen, Paul Aarne; Kurpad, Shekar; Marco, Rex; Martin, Allan; Nagoshi, Narihito; Nouri, Aria; Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa; Rodrigues-Pinto, Ricardo; Ter Wengel, PV; Tetreault, Lindsay; Kwon, Brian; Wilson, Jefferson. Global Spine Journal. Accepted July 2022. Manuscript ID: GSJ-22-0352.R1.
3. Functional Recovery Priorities for Spinal Cord Injury Individuals of Chinese Ethnicity and Cultural Background.
   Chor Yin Lam* and Paul Aarne Koljonen (co-first author), Christopher Chun Hei Yip, Ivan Yuen Wang Su, Yong Hu, Yat Wa Wong and Kenneth Man Chee Cheung,. Front. Neurol. – Neurorehabilitation. Accepted on 28^th June 2022. Manuscript ID: 941256
4. Knowledge gaps in biophysical changes after powered robotic exoskeleton walking by individuals with spinal cord injury – a scoping review.
   Christopher Yip, Lam Chor Yin, Kenneth Cheung, Wong Yat Wa, Paul A. Koljonen*. Front. Neurol. March 2022 | Volume 13 | Article 792295. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2022.792295
5. Length of cervical stenosis, admission ASIA motor scores, and BASIC scores are predictors of recovery rate following central cord syndrome
   Chang Meng Zhang, Victor Kam Ho Lee, Jeremy Man Leung Yu, Jason Pui Yin Cheung, Paul Aarne Koljonen, Graham Ka Hon Shea. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2022 Feb 1;47(3):212-219. doi:10.1097/BRS.0000000000004178.
6. Outcomes of a Multicenter Safety and Efficacy Study of the SuitX Phoenix Powered Exoskeleton for Ambulation by Patients with Spinal Cord Injury.
   Koljonen PA*, Sternin A, Jeong Y, McKinley M, Latorre JM, Caballero A, Hu Y, Wong YW, Cheung KMC, Kazerooni H. Front. Neurol. 12:689751. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2021.689751
7. Dynamic Bayesian Adjustment of Dwell Time for Faster Eye Typing.
   Pi, Jimin, Koljonen, PA, Hu, Yong, Shi, Bertram E. IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering. 2020-10, Vol.28 (10), p.2315-2324.
8. Management of Spinal Cord Injury – Where is the Breakthrough? (Book chapter)
   Koljonen PA*, Creasey GH. Current Progress in Orthopaedics 3rd Edition. ISBN: 978-93-83989-63-8.
9. Clinical trials in spinal cord injury: rehabilitation approaches (Book chapter)
   Cho N, Koljonen PA*, Burns A. Neural Repair and Regeneration in Spinal Cord Injury and Spinal Trauma 1st Edition, Feb 2022. ISBN: 9780128198353.

Cervical spine surgery and degenerative cervical myelopathy

10. Laminoplasty Versus Laminectomy and Fusion in the Treatment of Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Cost and Patient-Centered Outcomes in the United States Vishwathsen Karthikeyan, MD, Husain Shakil, MD, Christopher S. Lozano, MD, Armaan K. Malhotra, Uzondu F. Agochukwu, MD, Ankit I. Mehta, MD, C. Rory Goodwin, MD, Nathan Evaniew, MD, Paul A. Koljonen, MBBS, Allan R. Martin, MD, James D. Guest, MD, Shekar N. Kurpad, MD, Jefferson R. Wilson MD, and Aditya Vedantam, MD. Global Spine Journal 2026, Vol. 16(1S) 43S-52S DOI: 10.1177/21925682251357202.
11. A preclinical study on cell therapy as an adjunct to surgical decompression in degenerative cervical myelopathy via accelerating blood spinal cord barrier reconstitution and neurological recovery.
    Hyun Woo Kim, Liang Yu Shi, Min Goo Lee, Ra Hye Kim, Zhi Yi Fan, Paul Aarne Koljonen and Graham Ka Hon Shea. Stem Cell Res Ther 16, 262 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13287-025-04348-9
12. Paired and matched analysis of neurological outcomes in revision surgery for cervical myelopathy following delayed neurological decline.
    Andy Hon Fai Yee, Changmeng Zhang, Paul Aarne Koljonen, and Graham Ka Hon Shea. J Spine Surg. 2024 Mar 20; 10(1): 89–97. Published online 2024 Mar 14. doi: 10.21037/jss-23-116 PMCID: PMC10982917 PMID: 38567002
13. Neurological Survivorship Following Surgery for Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy: A Longitudinal Study on 195Patients.
    Ting Yick, Victor Hin, Zhang, Changmeng, Him Wong, Janus Siu, Lik Ng, Samuel Yan, San Tung Wong, Nicholas, Wang, Hongfei, Koljonen, Paul Aarne, Hon Shea, Graham. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2023 Feb 1;105(3):181-190. doi: 10.2106/JBJS.22.00218. Epub 2022 Dec 2. PMID: 36723463
14. Developing Peri-Operative Rehabilitation in Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy: An Unexplored Opportunity?
    Timothy F. Boerger, Allison S. Hyngstrom, Julio C. Furlan, Sukhvinder Kalsi-Ryan, BScPT, MSc PhD, Armin Curt, Brian K. Kwon, Shekar N. Kurpad, Michael G. Fehlings, James S. Harrop, Bizhan Aarabi, Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar, James D. Guest, Jefferson R. Wilson, Benjamin M. Davies, Mark R. N. Kotter, and Paul A. Koljonen*. Global Spine Journal 2022, Vol. 12(1S) 97S–108S, DOI: 10.1177/21925682211050925.
15. Improving Awareness Could Transform Outcomes in Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy.
    Benjamin M. Davies, Oliver Mowforth, Helen Wood, Zahabiya Karimi, Iwan Sadler, Lindsay Tetreault, Jamie Milligan, Jamie R. F. Wilson, BM, Sukhvinder Kalsi-Ryan, Julio C. Furlan, Yoshiharu Kawaguchi, Manabu Ito, Carl Moritz Zipser, Timothy F Boerger, Alexander R. Vaccaro, Rory K. J. Murphy, Mike Hutton, Ricardo Rodrigues-Pinto, Paul A. Koljonen, James S. Harrop, Bizhan Aarabi, Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar, Shekar N Kurpad, James D. Guest, Jefferson R. Wilson, Brian K. Kwon, Mark R. N. Kotter, and Michael G. Fehlings. Global Spine Journal 2022, Vol. 12(1S) 28S–38S, DOI: 10.1177/21925682211050927.
16. Developing Novel Therapies for Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy: Opportunities From Restorative Neurobiology
    Aref-Ali Gharooni, Brian K. Kwon, Michael G. Fehlings, Timothy F. Boerger, Ricardo Rodrigues-Pinto, Paul Aarne Koljonen, Shekar N. Kurpad, James S. Harrop, Bizhan Aarabi, Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar, Jefferson R. Wilson, Benjamin M. Davies, Mark R. N. Kotter, and James D. Guest.. Global Spine Journal 2022, Vol. 12(1S) 109S–121S DOI: 10.1177/21925682211052920
17. Establishing Diagnostic Criteria for Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy
    Bryn Hilton, Emma L. Gardner, Zhilin Jiang, Lindsay Tetreault, Jamie R. F. Wilson, Carl Moritz Zipser, K. Daniel Riew, James D. Guest, James S. Harrop, Michael G. Fehlings, Ricardo Rodrigues-Pinto, Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar, Bizhan Aarabi, Paul A. Koljonen, Mark R. N. Kotter, Benjamin M. Davies, and Brian K. Kwon. Global Spine Journal 2022, Vol. 12(1S) 55S–63S DOI: 10.1177/21925682211030871
18. Optimizing the Application of Surgery for Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy.
    Ricardo Rodrigues-Pinto, Thiago S. Montenegro, Benjamin M. Davies, So Kato, Yoshiharu Kawaguchi, Manabu Ito, Mehmet Zileli, Brian K. Kwon, Michael G. Fehlings, Paul A. Koljonen, Shekar N. Kurpad, James D. Guest, Bizhan Aarabi, Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar, Jefferson R. Wilson, Mark R. N. Kotter, and James S. Harrop. Global Spine Journal 2022, Vol. 12(1S) 147S–158S DOI: 10.1177/21925682211062494
19. Concomitant atlantoaxial and atlanto-occipital rotatory dislocation in children: Radiological features, diagnostic pitfalls, and long-term outcome
    Koljonen PA*, Cheung KMC.. Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery. 2021 May 12;29(2):23094990211015502.
20. Prospects of cell replacement therapy for the treatment of degenerative cervical myelopathy.
    Graham Ka Hon Shea, Paul Aarne Koljonen, Ying Shing Chan, Kenneth Man Chee Cheung. Rev Neurosci. 2020 Dec 18;32(3):275-287 Link to PubMed (PMID: 33661584)
21. Surgical complications with the Posterior Approach. Non-traumatic Cervical Myelopathy: Pathologies, surgical techniques and nuances (Book Chapter).
    Cheung JPY, Koljonen PA, Luk KDK. Nova Science Publishers Inc. LCCN 2019059705 (print), ISBN 9781536172515.

General Orthopaedics, traumatology and others

22. Slow twitch paraspinal muscle dysregulation in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis exhibiting HIF‐2α misexpression.
    Tam WK, Cheung JP, Koljonen PA, Kwan KY, Cheung KM, Leung VY. JOR spine. 2022 Dec;5(4):e1227. DOI: 10.1002/jsp2.1227.
23. Intrathecal Baclofen Pump Infection With Meningitis: Effective Treatment by Radical Debridement and Intrareservoir Baclofen–Vancomycin Co-Infusion.
    Koljonen P.A.*, Chan S.H.S., Liu T., Ho A.C.C., Chim S., Tsoi N.S., Wong Y.W. Neuromodulation 2021; E-pub ahead of print. DOI:10.1111/ner.13369.
24. Over 20-years of Experience of a Multidisciplinary Programme for Rehabilitation of Chronic Low Back Pain – Factors Predicting Successful Re-integration and Return to Work.
    Leung CN, Cheung WH, Lau G, Lau ST, Luk KDK, Wong YW, Cheung KMC, Koljonen PA, Cheung JPY. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders volume 22, Article number: 251 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12891-021-04122-x.
25. Normal Radiographic Parameters in Paediatric Pelvic Radiographs from a Chinese Population.
    Kuong Evelyn E, Gardner William T, Koljonen Paul A, Mahapatrad, Sudhir K, Chow Wang. Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics B: July 2017 – Vol 26, Issue 4, p336–339
26. Determinants of peripheral blood count value in long-term survivors of allogeneic hemopoietic stem cell transplantation.
    Koljonen PA*, Lie A, Liang R, Au WY. Hematol Oncol. 2009 Jun;27(2):98-101.