張炎鈴醫生
香港大學李嘉誠醫學院
矯形及創傷外科學系名譽講師
髖關節連結人體的上下半身,是我們最常使用的關節之一,如果出現問題影響了日常生活,或會需要接受全髖關節置換手術。
現時,港人常見導致需要關節置換手術的髖關節問題,包括股骨頭缺血性壞死、退化性關節炎、類風濕關節炎、強直性脊柱炎及先天性發育不良。當中以缺血性壞死最常見,女患者的發病原因大多不明,而男患者多由酗酒引致。各種病因會影響股骨頭的血液循環,導致部分血液供應不足。在得不到足夠的營養下,骨細胞會壞死,骨頭組織會崩塌,令骨頭變形或扁平。
第二常見為退化性關節炎,高危因素包括年老、肥胖及家族遺傳。
患者會感到髖關節、大腿或臀部痛楚,上身難以向前傾,修剪腳甲、著襪穿鞋都出現困難。蹲坐矮櫈感覺辛苦及不能久坐。走路也不能走太遠,甚至出現一拐一拐或長短腳問題。如情況輕微,可做物理治療、多休息及服用消炎止痛藥。如效果未如理想,醫生就會視乎病變的嚴重程度,安排病人接受核心減壓(股骨頭缺血性壞死)、血管骨移植(股骨頭缺血性壞死)、全髖關節置換術或截骨術(股骨頭缺血性壞死)。
要預防缺血性壞死,首要是不過量喝酒,要戒煙、控制體重及膽固醇,並只在必要時才服用類固醇。而要減輕關節症狀,可調整生活模式,如日常上落樓梯感痛楚,就要減少行樓梯。如喜歡劇烈運動如網球及跑步,就建議改去游泳或踏單車,以減輕髖關節的壓力。
<刊載於《am730》,2019年8月5日>
The information contained in this website is solely for the purpose of promoting academic exchange. None of such information is intended to be for, nor shall therefore be treated as, dissemination of professional service information of doctors to the public. If you are interested in obtaining any information about the professional practice of our clinical staff members, please visit the website of HKU Health System at
https://hkuhs.med.hku.hk/en/homepage/our-professional.
© 2025 Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong. All rights reserved.
The information contained in this website is solely for the purpose of promoting academic exchange. None of such information is intended to be for, nor shall therefore be treated as, dissemination of professional service information of doctors to the public. If you are interested in obtaining any information about the professional practice of our clinical staff members, please visit the website of HKU Health System at
https://hkuhs.med.hku.hk/en/homepage/our-professional.
© 2025 Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong. All rights reserved.