林英利醫生
香港大學李嘉誠醫學院
矯形及創傷外科學系名譽臨床副教授
骨癌分為原發性和轉移性兩種。較為常見的轉移性骨癌指癌細胞由人體其他器官如肺、腎、甲狀腺、前列腺、乳房等擴散至骨骼;而原發性骨癌是指骨骼產生的病變。
原發性骨癌最常見的是惡性骨肉瘤,通常出現於第二期發育、即10至20歲的青少年,當骨骼急速生長時細胞出現紊亂,會導致骨骼兩端的生長速度加快且不受控制,令該處形成骨肉瘤。
患者的關節會出現腫塊及感到疼痛,如病情持續又不予治理,骨骼會變得脆弱,容易產生病理性骨折。值得注意的是,骨癌多數在身體其中一側出現,較少在左右兩邊的手腳同時發生。
由於骨癌的擴散率極高,醫生會安排患者接受化療,縮小患癌範圍,阻止擴散,再配合切除和重整手術,以清除壞組織並保留健康的組織。化療的療程時間較長,整體抵抗力亦會下降,病人及照顧者必須有耐性及毅力,但青少年患者對化療的反應一般較老年人為佳,而早期骨肉瘤患者的五年存活率亦高達75%。
此外,不少人關節腫痛時,會自行處理或進行按摩,但過度按摩可增加癌細胞擴散的機會,延誤診治亦有可能導致病情惡化。因此有病徵的病人應盡快求醫,接受X光片和腫瘤活體組織檢查,讓醫生判斷是否患上骨肉瘤,從而提供最及時和適切的治療。
<刊載於《東方日報》,2021年9月4日>
The information contained in this website is solely for the purpose of promoting academic exchange. None of such information is intended to be for, nor shall therefore be treated as, dissemination of professional service information of doctors to the public. If you are interested in obtaining any information about the professional practice of our clinical staff members, please visit the website of HKU Health System at
https://hkuhs.med.hku.hk/en/homepage/our-professional.
© 2024 Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong. All rights reserved.
The information contained in this website is solely for the purpose of promoting academic exchange. None of such information is intended to be for, nor shall therefore be treated as, dissemination of professional service information of doctors to the public. If you are interested in obtaining any information about the professional practice of our clinical staff members, please visit the website of HKU Health System at
https://hkuhs.med.hku.hk/en/homepage/our-professional.
© 2024 Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong. All rights reserved.