葉永玉醫生
港大醫學院臨床醫學學院
矯形及創傷外科學系臨床副教授
近年香港中風患者逐漸年輕化,每年中風患者有75%能夠倖存,其中約半數患者有中度或嚴重的活動功能缺損,影響行動及自我照顧。很大部分患者神志清醒,冀望中風復康後可恢復較正常的生活。
中風後首半年復康黃金期,透過物理治療及職業治療,存活的大腦部分,可從新學習喪失的功能,但抑制肌肉反射收縮的中樞神經路徑往往不能全面恢復,令患者的肌肉痙攣,肌張力升高,關節前後方肌力不平衡。當患者做一些協調性高的活動時,肌張力會不自覺升高,令肢體姿態不正常,最常見是走路時,上肢肘關節不正常屈曲。
復康黃金期之後,大部分患者的功能恢復已到頂點,進步空間有限。嶄新的治療方案,有助患者康復至更接近中風前的活動能力。
注射肉毒桿菌素(Botox)可令肌張力減低,達致關節兩方的肌力平衡,靜態姿態回復正常。在正常張力環境下,更可加強大腦活動學習,增進大腦對肌肉的調控,效果是永久性的功能提升。如約6個月後肌力不平衡再次出現,各種嶄新手術治療方案,可協助患者實現長期性的功能及外觀恢復正常的目標。功能重建手術可分為肌肉肌腱術及神經線適度切除術兩大類。
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HKUMed Orthopaedic Clinic 港大醫學院骨科診所
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© 2026 Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong. All rights reserved.
The information contained in this website is solely for the purpose of promoting academic exchange. None of such information is intended to be for, nor shall therefore be treated as, dissemination of professional service information of doctors to the public. If you are interested in obtaining any information about the professional practice of our clinical staff members, please visit the website of HKU Health System at
https://hkuhs.med.hku.hk/en/homepage/our-professional.
© 2026 Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong. All rights reserved.