香港大學李嘉誠醫學院探索人體系列之二十一
忻振凱醫生
香港大學李嘉誠醫學院
矯形及創傷外科學系臨床助理教授
通常病人說骨痛,有時未必真的是骨痛。因為無論是骨頭、肌肉或筋腱,產生的痛楚訊息,都會經神經傳送到大腦,容易被混淆,故需要醫生專業檢查才能找出病因。尤其是當病人出現警惕徵狀的時候,更不宜怠慢。此類徵狀包括﹕患處持續疼痛,而並非只於步行或負重時才痛、睡眠時亦疼痛,甚至痛至不能入睡、發燒、十分疲累、食慾減退、急速消瘦等。導致骨痛的原因有退化、創傷、感染發炎、骨腫瘤等。
要確實了解病因,詢問病史是十分重要,醫生需要知道病人疼痛的位置、持續了多久、是否同時出現其他徵狀等。例如急性疼痛有機會是骨折,相反,慢性疼痛則有可能是關節退化。
其後醫生會檢查患處的骨頭、關節。例如發炎的關節,會變紅及發熱,由於關節內有積水,所以亦會腫脹。至於退化的關節,病人走路時會感到關節活動不暢順。醫生憑著過往的經驗,能從病史和檢查得來的資料挑選出較有可能的病因,然後決定採用哪種診斷方法,例如驗血、照X光等。確診後,就能對症下藥。
(刊載於《am730》,2012 年6 月4 日)
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The information contained in this website is solely for the purpose of promoting academic exchange. None of such information is intended to be for, nor shall therefore be treated as, dissemination of professional service information of doctors to the public. If you are interested in obtaining any information about the professional practice of our clinical staff members, please visit the website of HKU Health System at
https://hkuhs.med.hku.hk/en/homepage/our-professional.
© 2024 Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong. All rights reserved.